| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Illinois (1873) ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
SS Illinois (1873)
SS ''Illinois'' was an iron passenger-cargo steamship built by William Cramp & Sons in 1873. The last of a series of four ''Pennsylvania''-class vessels, ''Illinois'' and her three sister ships—''Pennsylvania'', ''Ohio'' and ''Indiana''—were the largest iron ships ever built in the United States at the time of their construction, and amongst the first to be fitted with compound steam engines. They were also the first ships to challenge British dominance of the transatlantic trade since the American Civil War.
Though soon outclassed by newer and larger vessels, ''Illinois'' was destined to enjoy a long and distinguished career, first as a transatlantic passenger liner and later as the U.S. Navy's auxiliary vessel . In the 1870s, ''Illinois'' may have been the first ship to successfully transport a shipment of fresh meat from the United States to Europe, twenty years before the introduction of refrigeration. As USS ''Supply'', the ship served in both the Spanish–American War and the First World War, and crew members may have been the first United States personnel to fire a hostile shot in the latter. ''Illinois'' was scrapped in 1928.
==Development==
The four ''Pennsylvania'' class liners were constructed at a cost of $520,000 each by William Cramp & Sons on behalf of the American Steamship Company (ASC), a subsidiary of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company.〔Heinrich, p. 57, Flayhart, p. 20. Heinrich says the winning bid was $525,000 rather than $520,000.〕 The Railroad intended to utilize the vessels to bring European immigrants direct to Philadelphia, thus ensuring the company a steady stream of customers. In recognition of this purpose, the four ships—''Pennsylvania'', ''Indiana'', ''Illinois'' and ''Ohio''—were named after the four states serviced by the Railroad.〔Heinrich, p. 62.〕〔Flayhart, p. 23.〕 Design of the ships was entrusted to Charles H. Cramp of the Cramp & Sons shipyard, and Barnabas H. Bartol, a director of the ASC.〔Flayhart, pp. 23–24.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「SS Illinois (1873)」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|